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Real-time multistep asymmetrical disassembly of nucleosomes and chromatosomes visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy

During replication, expression, and repair of the eukaryotic genome, cellular machinery must access the DNA wrapped around histone proteins forming nucleosomes. These octameric protein·DNA complexes are modular, dynamic, and flexible and unwrap or disassemble either spontaneously or by the action of molecular motors. Thus, the mechanism of formation and regulation of subnucleosomal intermediates has gained … Continue reading Real-time multistep asymmetrical disassembly of nucleosomes and chromatosomes visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy

Morphological changes of plasma membrane and protein assembly during clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Cells communicate with their environments via the plasma membrane and various membrane proteins. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) plays a central role in such communication and proceeds with a series of multiprotein assembly, deformation of the plasma membrane, and production of a membrane vesicle that delivers extracellular signaling molecules into the cytoplasm.* In the article “Morphological changes … Continue reading Morphological changes of plasma membrane and protein assembly during clathrin-mediated endocytosis

Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM

Collagen is the most abundant structural protein in mammals. * Type I collagen in its fibril form has a characteristic pattern structure that alternates two regions called gap and overlap. The structure and properties of collagens are highly dependent on the water and mineral content of the environment. * In the article “Interfacial water on … Continue reading Interfacial water on collagen nanoribbons by 3D AFM